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Immune System Support

Updated: Sep 30, 2020

Key Indications

Supplementation of spermidine may reduce the inflammatory cytokines and may lead to an increased production of memory cells. Autophagy may play a major role in immune defense and may support the disposal of pathogenic microorganisms. Autophagy may help mediate immunological memory in older age.

Human Studies

  • Spermidine, a natural polyamine, suppresses LFA-1 expression on human lymphocyte. Learn More.

  • Autophagy Defends Cells Against Invading Group A Streptococcus.

Animal Studies

  • Cytoplasmic bacteria can be targets for autophagy. Learn More.

  • Selective Modulation of Autophagy, Innate Immunity, and Adaptive Immunity by Small Molecules.

  • MHC class II antigen loading compartments continuously receive input from autophagosomes. Learn More.

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